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<h1>A test of Equation References</h1>
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Here is a labeled equation:
$$x+1\over\sqrt{1-x^2}\label{ref1}$$
with a reference to ref1: \ref{ref1},
and another numbered one with no label:
$$x+1\over\sqrt{1-x^2}$$
This one uses \nonumber:
$$x+1\over\sqrt{1-x^2}\nonumber$$
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Here's one using the equation environment:
\begin{equation}
x+1\over\sqrt{1-x^2}
\end{equation}
and one with equation* environment:
\begin{equation*}
x+1\over\sqrt{1-x^2}
\end{equation*}
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<p>
This is a forward reference [\ref{ref2}] and another \eqref{ref2} for the 
following equation:
$$x+1\over\sqrt{1-x^2}\label{ref2}$$
More math:
$$x+1\over\sqrt{1-x^2}$$
Here is a ref inside math: \(\ref{ref2}+1\) and text after it.

\begin{align} 
x& = y_1-y_2+y_3-y_5+y_8-\dots 
&& \text{by \eqref{ref1}}\\ 
& = y'\circ y^* && \text{(by \eqref{ref3})}\\ 
& = y(0) y' && \text {by Axiom 1.} 
\end{align} 

Here's a bad ref [\ref{ref4}] to a nonexistent label.
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An alignment:
\begin{align}
a&=b\label{ref3}\cr
&=c+d
\end{align}
and a starred one:
\begin{align*}
a&=b\cr
&=c+d
\end{align*}

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